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The absolute value of a number is the distance it is from zero. The absolute value of a
positive number or zero is that number. The absolute value of a negative number is
the opposite of that number. acute angle
An angle whose measure is between 0� and 90�.
addend A number to be added.
addition property of equality If a
= b, then a + c = b + c. Add the same thing to both sides of an
equation and you still have an equation.
additive identity The number zero.
Additive Identity Property of Zero
For any number n: n + 0 = n. If you add zero to any other number, you do not
change its identity.
additive inverse The number, which
when added to a number, gives a sum of 0. The additive inverse of n is denoted -n.
Also called opposite.
Add-opp Property of Subtraction
For any numbers a and b: a - b = a + -b. In words,
subtracting b is the same as adding the opposite of b.
algebraic expression An expression
that contains a variable alone or with numbers and operation symbols.
algorithm A sequence of steps that
leads to a desired result.
alternate interior angles
Angles formed by two lines cut by a transversal. They are between
the two lines and on alternate sides of the transversal.
altitude of a triangle The
perpendicular distance from any vertex of a triangle to the side opposite that vertex.
Also called height.
angle The union of
two rays with the same endpoint.
arc
A path from one point (node) of a network to another point (its
endpoints or vertices). A part of a circle connecting two points
(its endpoints) on the circle.
area Measure of the space inside a
two-dimensional figure.
Area Model for Multiplication The
area of a rectangle with length l and width w is l times w
or lw.
Associative Property of Addition For any
numbers a, b, and c: ( a + b) + c = a + ( b + c ) = a + b +
c.
Associative
Property of Multiplication For any numbers
a, b, and c: a ( bc ) = ( ab
)c = abc.
average A number representing a set of
other numbers determined by taking the sum of those numbers and dividing by the number of
them. Also called mean.
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bar graph A
graph in which information is representing using bars of various lengths to show values of
a particular category. base In the
power xn, x is the base.
base of a triangle The side of a
triangle to which an altitude is drawn.
bases of a trapezoid The parallel sides
of a trapezoid.
billion A word name for
1,000,000,000 or 109.
billionth A word for 0.000000001 or
10-9.
brackets [ ] Grouping symbols which serve
the same role as parentheses.
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